Showing posts with label Hormone. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Hormone. Show all posts

Monday, 9 March 2015

Nutrition - "Love hormone" nasal spray could reduce calorie intake in men

New Exercise and Fitness Review

Researchers have found that administering a nasal spray containing oxytocin led to men consuming less calories in a subsequent meal than those who received a placebo spray.

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Nutrition - "Love hormone" nasal spray could reduce calorie intake in men

Wednesday, 21 January 2015

Human Growth Hormone - Efficacy of recombinant hGH therapy in cured acromegaly patien

New Exercise and Fitness Review

Human Growth Hormone – Efficacy of recombinant hGH therapy in cured acromegaly patien


Related Articles Efficacy of recombinant hGH therapy in cured acromegaly patients with GH deficiency: a single centre experience.

Endocr Connect. 2015 Jan 19;


Authors: Dutta P, Mahendran B, Reddy KS, Ahluwalia J, Vaiphei K, Kochhar RK, Gupta P, Srinivasan A, Kumar M, Mukherjee KK, Shah VN, Parthan G, Bhansali A


Abstract
Introduction: The effectiveness and short-term safety of recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH) in patients with acromegaly who develop growth hormone deficiency (GHD) after treatment, is not well established. Subjects and Methods: Ten subjects with acromegaly who had GHD were treated with r-hGH for six months. Control groups consisted of ten age, gender and body mass index matched healthy subjects and ten active acromegaly patients who were treatment naïve. Body composition, quality of life, muscle strength, lipid profile and cardiovascular risk factors were assessed in all subjects at baseline, and the same parameters were reassessed after 6 months of therapy with r-hGH in acromegaly with GHD. Repeat MRI of the sella was performed in treated subjects. Optical colonoscopy was done and biopsies were taken from multiple sites for proliferation indices (Ki-67). Result: The median duration of GHD was 17.8 months and dose of r-hGH administered was 5.7±1.5 µg/kg/d. There was improvement in bone mineral content (p 0.01), bone mineral density (p 0.04), muscle strength (p



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Human Growth Hormone - Efficacy of recombinant hGH therapy in cured acromegaly patien

Saturday, 3 January 2015

Relationships of sex steroid hormone levels in benign and cancerous breast tissue and

New Exercise and Fitness Review

Relationships of sex steroid hormone levels in benign and cancerous breast tissue and


Relationships of sex steroid hormone levels in benign and cancerous breast tissue and blood: A critical appraisal of current science.

Steroids. 2014 Dec 29;


Authors: Stanczyk FZ, Mathews BW, Sherman ME


Abstract
A systematic review of the literature on sex steroid measurement in breast tissue identified only 19 articles meeting the following criteria: menopausal status given; steroids measured in tissue homogenates by conventional RIA with a purification step or by mass spectrometry; and values reported per g tissue or per g protein. Twelve articles were analyzed in detail for: ratios of sex steroid hormone levels in cancerous or benign tissues to blood levels, stratified by menopausal status; ratios between the different hormone levels within tissues or within blood; and difference in these ratios between tissue and blood compartments. Estrogen and androgen concentrations varied greatly in benign and cancerous tissue and in blood between individuals. Postmenopausal, but not premenopausal, estradiol concentrations were significantly higher in cancerous compared to benign breast tissue. The estradiol/estrone ratio was lowest in premenopausal benign tissue, and substantially higher in premenopausal cancerous tissues and postmenopausal benign and cancerous tissues. Estradiol and estrone levels were considerably higher in tissue than in plasma in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Androgen levels were generally higher in the benign than the cancerous tissues, and tissue androgen levels were higher than in plasma, suggesting in situ aromatization of androgens to estrogens in breast cancer tissues. Limited available data on levels of hydroxylated estrogens in breast tissue compared to corresponding levels in plasma or urine were reviewed, but due to the paucity of studies no conclusions can presently be drawn regarding the relationship of the 2-hydroxyestrone:16?-hydroxyestrone ratio to breast cancer risk and genotoxic effects of 4-hydroxylated estrogens. Finally, data on hormone levels in breast adipose tissue were analyzed; high levels of androstenedione and testosterone and significant estrone and estradiol levels in breast adipocytes from postmenopausal breast cancer patients suggest an obesity-inflammation-aromatase axis occurring locally in breast tissue. The controversies regarding the source of intratumoral estrogens in the breast are summarized.


PMID: 25554581 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


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Relationships of sex steroid hormone levels in benign and cancerous breast tissue and

Saturday, 20 December 2014

Human Growth Hormone - [Effects of r-hGH replacement therapy on glucose and lipid met

New Exercise and Fitness Review

Human Growth Hormone – [Effects of r-hGH replacement therapy on glucose and lipid met


[Effects of r-hGH replacement therapy on glucose and lipid metabolism and thyroid function in children with idiopathic short stature.]

Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2014 Dec;16(12):1236-1240


Authors: Zheng F, Wang X, Wang X


Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH) replacement therapy on glucose and lipid metabolism and thyroid function in children with idiopathic short stature (ISS).
METHODS: Forty-seven ISS children with a mean age of 10±3 years treated between January 2009 and January 2013 were enrolled. All children underwent r-hGH replacement therapy for 3-24 months and were followed up once every 3 months. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin (INS), blood lipids and thyroid function were measured before treatment and after 0-1 and 1-2 years of treatment.
RESULTS: After treatment with r-hGH, there were no significant changes in FBG, INS, insulin sensitivity index (ISI), and FBG/INS ratio (FGIR), but the FGIR showed a declining trend. The percentage of patients with FGIR



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Human Growth Hormone - [Effects of r-hGH replacement therapy on glucose and lipid met

Wednesday, 5 November 2014

stk "s information about human growth hormone

New Exercise and Fitness Review

stk ‘s information about human growth hormone

here you go bros..


USUALLY with a SERO kit , (like Sturge said) you add 1cc of water to the powder in ONE vial to get 18iu. This means 1cc of mixed water = 18iu.


This also means 1/2cc of mixed water = 9iu, and 1/4cc of water = 4.5iu of GH.


if you have a slin pin that goes from 10-100, this really means it goes from 10% -100% of 1cc. Still with me?


So if you only wanted 1/4cc of water to get your daily dose of 4.5iu of gh, just fill the insulin syringe up to the 25 mark. (actually since there is probably NO 25 mark, pull it to half way between the 20 and the 30)


If you want 9iu per day (in one shot) fill it to the 50 mark. (50% of 1cc)


easy isnt it??


Here ya go..you have 6mg (approx 18iu) of gh per bottle (I’m assuming you’re talking about Sero or one of the knockoffs). Okey dokey…now, you also have approx 1ml of dilutent..if you have a REAL Sero kit, there will be slightly more than 1ml of aqueous solution.


Okay…so if you dump a full ml of water into the 6mg of powder, then the equation will look like this: 1ml = 18iu. Very simple. You can adjust that depending on what dose you’re going to use.


Say you want to do 6iu/day. That means that each 6mg (18iu) bottle will give you 3 doses (or pretty damn close anyway). Now…it’s not real easy to get 3 doses out of 1ml, so let’s make it a number that’s easier to divide into thirds. How about .9ml? That works nicely. So…instead of putting the full ml into the bottle, just use .9ml or the 90 mark on an insulin syringe. Keep in mind that insulin syringes are marked for use with INSULIN, nothing else, so even though it says ‘iu’ on the syringe, that’s not how many ius you’re getting. Okay..so now you have .9ml in your gh powder…perfect. So to get your dose of 6iu (2mg), you would fill an insulin syringe to the 30 mark (which indicates 30iu of insulin…but we’re not using insulin), which is one THIRD of .9ml. Got it?


INSULIN AND GROWTH HORMONE
Growth hormone (GH) is one of the most sought after bodybuilding drugs due to its’ legendary abilities to strip off body fat and increase muscle mass. The former is accomplished through direct lipolysis (fat release from adipocytes), which GH does to an incredible degree.


Muscle mass acquisition is accomplished through: the direct stimulation of protein synthesis, increasing amino acid uptake by muscle cells, and by greatly stimulating IGF-1 synthesis in the liver. It is this last point that is of interest to us because it is the main anabolic mechanism for GH, and it is also where insulin comes in to play.


More than half of GHs’ anabolic effect is due to IGF-1 production, but unfortunately this is quite often wasted. This is because IGF-1 has an extremely short half life in the bloodstream, so it usually doesn’t reach many target tissues (muscles for our interest) to exert maximum anabolic effect. To rectify this situation, insulin can be used to increase the amount of an IGF-1 binding protein (specifically IGF1-BP3) that actually helps IGF-1 to reach the muscles and exert its’ extreme anabolism.


Insulin also reduces the amount of “bad” IGF1 BP’s, (BP’s 2 and 4) that would normally interfere with IGF-1 uptake and use by muscle. To say that there is a synergistic effect between insulin and GH doesn’t do the combination justice.


It makes me shudder to think of the hundreds of thousands of dollars spent on GH, without using it to the maximum anabolic potential. From a fat loss perspective, GH is incredible. It should directly negate the lipogenic effect of insulin, leaving you with one KICK ASS combination.


SouthernTrendKiller *SULTAN OF SIZE*




World Class Bodybuilding Forum



stk "s information about human growth hormone

Sunday, 19 October 2014

IGF-1 Changing ways bodybuilders use Growth hormone

New Exercise and Fitness Review

There is no denying that growth hormone is one of the most popular BB’ing drugs in use today and for good reason. It not only enhances the rate of fat loss, but leads to improvements in muscular size; two vital aspects of this sport, to be sure. However, one significant difference between GH and most other PED’s is its cost. Quite frankly, growth hormone is expensive. This makes it cost-prohibitive for most, especially at higher dosing ranges. Therefore, dose and duration of use is largely determined by one’s financial status. Even still, there are plenty of BB’rs who opt to drop a nice chunk of change on this drug each month in pursuit of their BB’ing dreams. 10, 15, even 20 IU per day is not uncommon. For those who lack the financial restrictions of the less fortunate, dosage is determined primarily by the “more is better” philosophy.

Experience has shown that larger dosages tend to produce a more rapid increase in muscular size and quicker reductions in bodyfat, so this approach makes sense. However, excessive elevations in GH levels can lead to multiple, long-lasting side effects, which can negatively affect some aspects of our appearance, as well as internal health. For some time these side effects were simply accepted as a necessary sacrifice, but science has recently provided a way for us to sidestep or reduce some of these negative side effects, while continuing to reap the benefits associated with higher dosages of this drug.
However, before get ahead of ourselves, let’s look at the 2 main reasons BB’rs use growth hormone and how it works in the body to bring about its beneficial effects. As noted above, increased fat loss is one of these, but it is GH’s ability to positively affect muscle growth that I will be focusing on. The chief mechanism through which GH accomplishes this is IGF-1 elevation via the liver. When GH enters the bloodstream, it eventually travels to the liver where it serves as a messenger for increased IGF-1 production. As GH levels rise, so to do levels of IGF-1. This had led many BB’rs to use large doses of this hormone, in an attempt to elevate IGF-1 as high as possible.


Aside from the cost and side effects associated with high-dose GH use, the liver is physiologically limited in the amount of IGF-1 it can produce on a daily basis. While growth hormone increases IGF-1 levels on a dose-dependent basis, once the dose exceeds a certain point, the increase in IGF-1 is no longer proportional to the dose given. This is what we call the point of diminishing returns and as far as GH is concerned, 10-12 IU per day appears to be the limit in terms of IGF-1 production.
With this in mind, the question should be asked “Is there a way for us to reap the benefits of high-dose GH use without actually having to use large dosages of GH?” and more so, what if we could reap even greater benefits, while simultaneously lightening the impact on our bank accounts? Well, the truth is that this has been possible for quite some time, but factors such as ignorance, availability, and the mystique surrounding growth hormone have all played a role in keeping BB’rs from exploring their options. The solution I speak of is known as is IGF-1; particularly IGF-1 LR3.


In years past, IGF-1 availability was hit and miss. Much of what was on the market was either fake or improperly synthesized. All a BB’r could do was roll the dice and hope things turned out in his favor, but with the odds stacked against him, his chances weren’t very good. Cost was another issue facing the average consumer and when combined with the above, most chose to stick with the tried & true.


Things began to turn around with the advent of the peptide-research chemical company. At first viewed with suspicion, the industry persevered and now, after a decade of steady growth, it has revolutionized the BB’ing world. Products which were once almost impossible to get, such as IGF-1, are now available to anyone who knows how to search the Net. Availability is not the only thing which has changed. Price and product quality have also improved several-fold, due to improvements in production technique and a reduction in manufacturing costs. These days, IGF-1 can be procured at minimal out of pocket expense and delivered to your doorstep 3 days later.


While most within the BB’ing community are aware that IGF-1 is responsible for the bulk of GH’s growth stimulating effects, people are also creatures of habit. By and large, they are reluctant to change what they have been doing for years, especially if it has been furnishing good results, so they persist in using high-dose growth hormone as their sole method of increasing IGF-1 levels. By continuing to spread the message that it is no longer necessary to use 15-20 IU of GH per day in order to achieve a maximum growth response, we will gradually begin to see more people change their way of thinking.


Still, we can’t lay all the blame at the feet of habit. Unfortunately, there is still a large contingent of people who, out of ignorance, continue to spread the message that there is no real IGF-1 available on the market. They say that IGF-1 is expensive to produce and therefore, the low prices offered by peptide-research chemical companies indicate that the product is fake. In order to support their claim, they point to the cost of U.S. pharmaceutical grade IGF-1 as a comparison. Their logic is flawed because they assume that the cost of U.S pharm-grade IGF-1 is an accurate reflection of its production costs for not only the pharmaceutical companies, but for all others who would choose to produce it.


In reality, IGF-1 (all forms) is relatively inexpensive to produce. Compared to GH, it is a relatively simple compound, possessing a molecular chain about 1/3rd the length of growth hormone. Using the price of pharm-grade drugs as a means of determining across the board production cost is woefully inadequate. The price of pharmaceutical products is based on many factors, such as research, production, overhead, and greed. All pharmaceutical drugs, before being met with FDA approval, must undergo a rigorous, multi-phase process, which takes years to go from conception to production. Further adding to the cost of these drugs is the combined cost of all prior research which did not result in an FDA approved drug. Less than 10% of all drugs & therapies researched by pharmaceutical companies actually receive FDA approval, so those drugs which are approved bear the cost of the failed 90%. Pharmaceutical companies are comprised of 100’s to 1,000’s of college educated individuals, all of whom must be paid from the sale of its products. Taking all this into consideration, bringing a single drug to market reaches into the millions. Of course, the pharmaceutical industry also expects to earn a profit for its efforts and let’s just say that they like to be well compensated.


When it comes to peptide companies, we are looking at a completely different ballgame. The costs involved are miniscule by comparison. This allows peptides such as IGF-1 LR3 to be sold at very reasonable prices. As someone who has been involved on the business end of the peptide industry for several years, I am well aware of the production costs involved, but I rarely quote figures because often times the cost is so low that it may cause non-believers to doubt product legitimacy. These days, there are dozens of companies which offer genuine IGF-1 LR3 and of these, a portion of them have their products routinely tested by independent, 3rd party labs. This eliminates the possibility of mistakes and ensures that the customer ends up with a product which meets label claims in terms of both purity & potency.


In short, by combining growth hormone with IGF-1 LR3 we get the best of both worlds. The benefits read as follows: 1) The limitations associated with endogenous IGF-1 production become irrelevant when using exogenous IGF- 1 2) GH induced side effects are minimized 3) out of pocket cost is reduced 4) IGF-1 LR3 is over 2X as potent, per mg, as endogenous IGF-1.
If there is any downside attached to this method of application, it is a potential reduction in the rate of fat loss. I say potential, as there are several other factors which influence the fat loss process outside of growth hormone. However, GH does increase lipolysis on dose-dependent basis, so it stands to reason that if one lowers their GH intake by a considerable margin, it will be accompanied by a decrease in fat loss. Therefore, program feasibility is goal-dependent. If maximum fat loss is the priority, maintaining high GH levels is more beneficial, while those seeking to maximize muscle growth will be better served by using a combination of both drugs in a more moderate dosing range.


It should also be noted that as if this writing, all forms of IGF-1 can be legally purchased without a prescription. While the peptide industry currently occupies grey territory from a legal standpoint, the benefits associated with its current status such should not be brushed off as inconsequential without taking the time to learn how this impacts the consumer. Unlike most other PED’s, which must be purchased from the blackmarket and come with little to no proof of legitimacy, the peptide industry is afforded certain advantages in this area. Without having to keep their business behind closed doors, peptide companies are able to provide verifiable assurance of product purity & potency through lab testing, after which the results are made available to the public. In addition, there is no risk of seizure, virtually guaranteeing product delivery.


As revealed above, there are several valid reasons to begin incorporating IGF-1 into your program. Backed by science and real-world experience, its effectiveness is indisputable. Aside from maximizing fat loss, there is no good reason for anyone to intentionally forgo this drug in favor of a few more IU of GH. Such a decision is nonsensical and demonstrates a level of ignorance unacceptable for a BB’r in today’s society. IGF-1 compliments any PED program.


By Mike Arnold




World Class Bodybuilding Forum



IGF-1 Changing ways bodybuilders use Growth hormone

Thursday, 11 September 2014

Human Growth Hormone - Utility of Extended FAST in Blunt Chest Trauma: Is it the Time

New Exercise and Fitness Review

Human Growth Hormone – Utility of Extended FAST in Blunt Chest Trauma: Is it the Time


Related Articles Utility of Extended FAST in Blunt Chest Trauma: Is it the Time to be Used in the ATLS Algorithm?

World J Surg. 2014 Sep 10;


Authors: Abdulrahman Y, Musthafa S, Hakim SY, Nabir S, Qanbar A, Mahmood I, Siddiqui T, Hussein WA, Ali HH, Afifi I, El-Menyar A, Al-Thani H


Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The clinical significance of extended Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (EFAST) for diagnosis of pneumothorax is not well defined.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the utility of EFAST in blunt chest trauma (BCT) patients.
STUDY DESIGN: A single blinded, prospective study. Participants: All patients admitted with BCT (2011-2013).
SETTINGS: Level 1 trauma center in Qatar.
PROCEDURES AND OUTCOME MEASURES: Patients were screened by EFAST and results were compared to the clinical examination (CE) and chest X-ray (CXR). Chest-computed tomography (CT) scoring system was used to confirm and measure the pneumothorax. Diagnostic accuracy of diagnostic modalities of pneumothorax was measured using sensitivity, specificity, predictive values (PVs), and likelihood ratio.
RESULTS: A total of 305 BCT patients were included with median age of 34 (18-75). Chest CT was positive for pneumothorax in 75 (24.6.%) cases; of which 11.% had bilateral pneumothorax. Chest CT confirmed the diagnosis of pneumothorax in 43, 41, and 11.% of those who were initially diagnosed by EFAST, CE, and CXR, respectively. EFAST was positive in 42 hemithoraces and its sensitivity (43.%) was higher in comparison to CXR (11.%). Positive and negative PVs of EFAST were 76 and 92.%, respectively. The frequency of missed cases by CXR was higher in comparison to EFAST and CE. The lowest median score of missed pneumothorax was observed by EFAST.
CONCLUSION: EFAST can be used as an efficient triaging tool in BCT patients to rule out pneumothorax. Based on our analysis, we would recommend EFAST as an adjunct in ATLS algorithm.


PMID: 25205343 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


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Human Growth Hormone - Utility of Extended FAST in Blunt Chest Trauma: Is it the Time

Sunday, 29 June 2014

Human Growth Hormone - hGH isoform differential immunoassays applied to blood samples

New Exercise and Fitness Review

Human Growth Hormone – hGH isoform differential immunoassays applied to blood samples


Related Articles hGH isoform differential immunoassays applied to blood samples from athletes: Decision limits for anti-doping testing.

Growth Horm IGF Res. 2014 Jun 11;


Authors: Hanley JA, Saarela O, Stephens DA, Thalabard JC


Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To detect hGH doping in sport, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)-accredited laboratories use the ratio of the concentrations of recombinant hGH (‘rec’) versus other ‘natural’ pituitary-derived isoforms of hGH (‘pit’), measured with two different kits developed specifically to detect the administration of exogenous hGH. The current joint compliance decision limits (DLs) for ratios derived from these kits, designed so that they would both be exceeded in fewer than 1 in 10,000 samples from non-doping athletes, are based on data accrued in anti-doping labs up to March 2010, and later confirmed with data up to February-March 2011. In April 2013, WADA asked the authors to analyze the now much larger set of ratios collected in routine hGH testing of athletes, and to document in the peer-reviewed literature a statistical procedure for establishing DLs, so that it be re-applied as more data become available.
DESIGN: We examined the variation in the rec/pit ratios obtained for 21,943 screened blood (serum) samples submitted to the WADA accredited laboratories over the period 2009-2013. To fit the relevant sex- and kit-specific centiles of the logs of the ratios, we classified ‘rec/pit’ ratios based on low ‘rec’ and ‘pit’ values as ‘negative’ and fitted statistical distributions to the remaining log-ratios. The flexible data-driven quantile regression approach allowed us to deal with the fact that the location, scale and shape of the distribution of the modeled ‘rec/pit’ ratios varied with the concentrations of the ‘rec’ and ‘pit’ values. The between-kit correlation of the ratios was included in the fitting of the DLs, and bootstrap samples were used to quantify the estimation error in these limits. We examined the performance of these limits by applying them to the data obtained from investigator-initiated hGH administration studies, and in athletes in a simulated cycling stage race.
RESULTS: The mean and spread of the distribution of the modeled log-ratios depended in different ways on the magnitude of the rec and pit concentrations. Ultimately, however, the estimated limits were almost invariant to the concentrations, and similar to those obtained by fitting simpler (marginal) log-normal and Box-Cox transformed distributions. The estimated limits were similar to the (currently-used) limits fitted to the smaller datasets analyzed previously. In investigator-initiated instances, the limits distinguished recent use of rec-hGH from non-use.
CONCLUSIONS: The distributions of the rec/pit ratios varied as a function of the rec and pit concentrations, but the patterns in their medians and spreads largely canceled each other. Thus, ultimately, the kit- and sex-specific ratio DL obtained from the simpler model was very close to the ‘curve of DLs’ obtained from the more complex one. Both were close to previously established limits.


PMID: 24973245 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


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Human Growth Hormone - hGH isoform differential immunoassays applied to blood samples